UK VAT Calculator
Add VAT to a net price or remove VAT from a gross price, at the standard, reduced or zero rate.
UK VAT registration is compulsory once your taxable turnover exceeds £90,000 in a rolling 12-month period. This calculator is for guidance only — always confirm the correct VAT treatment of a specific good or service with HMRC or a qualified adviser, since some items are exempt rather than zero-rated.
How UK VAT works
The standard rate of VAT in the UK is 20%, applying to most goods and services. A reduced rate of 5% applies to specific categories such as domestic energy. Some goods and services are zero-rated (0%), including most food, books and children's clothing — these are different from “exempt” items such as insurance and postage, which fall outside the VAT system entirely.
To add VAT to a net amount, multiply by (1 + the VAT rate). To remove VAT from a gross amount, divide by (1 + the VAT rate) to find the net figure, then subtract it from the gross amount to find the VAT element. Businesses must register for VAT once their taxable turnover exceeds £90,000 in any rolling 12-month period.